This European Standard applies to the execution of permanent and temporary ground anchors. This European Standard covers anchors grouted into the ground which are able to be stressed and tested. The anchors are designed in accordance with EN 1997-1:2004 and are tested in accordance with prEN ISO 22477-5:2010. A ground anchor is an installation capable of transmitting an applied tensile load to a load bearing stratum. An anchor consists of an anchor head, a free anchor length and a fixed anchor length which is bonded to the ground by grout. Typical bond and compression type anchors are shown in Figures 1 and 2. The load-displacement behaviour of every anchor needs to be tested in situ. The term "ground" is taken to encompass soil, rock and fill in place or prior to the execution of the construction works. The planning and design of ground anchors calls for experience and knowledge in this specialised field although these topics are covered briefly in EN 1997-1, Eurocode 7: Geotechnical Design - Part 1: General Rules. The installation and testing phases require skilled, qualified labour and supervision. This European Standard cannot replace the knowledge of specialist personnel and the expertise of experienced contractors required to apply this European Standard. 0 This European Standard does not address alternative systems of anchoring such as tension piles, screw anchors, mechanical anchors, soil nails, expander anchors as these do not fulfil the requirements of 1.4. If dead-man anchors are used as ground anchors in accordance with they need to fulfil all the requirements of this standard.