This European document applies to new designs of locomotives and passenger carrying rolling stock as defined in categories P-I to P-V of clause 3. The specified requirements relate to the conditions of use that prevail in these countries. The design of new vehicles for use in passenger trains is based on operations with compatible rolling stock that also meet this document. To satisfy this document it is not necessary to consider the consequences of operation with existing vehicle designs. The requirements apply to the vehicle body, and to those mechanical elements directly associated with it that may be used to absorb energy in a collision, such as couplers, buffing systems, anti-climbers and obstacle deflectors, etc. They do not cover doors, windows, system components or interior features. The requirements do not cover all possible accident scenarios but provide a level of crashworthiness that will provide an appropriate level of protection in most eventualities, when the active safety measures have been inadequate. The requirement is to provide a level of protection consistent with the probable collision risks and this is achieved by addressing the most common types of collision causing injuries and fatalities. The applicable collision scenarios are given in clause 6 and Annex A gives guidance on suitable parameter values for use in these scenarios. The document identifies common characteristics and methods of energy absorption that may be adopted to suit individual vehicle requirements so facilitating progress and design innovation. The document also specifies a suitable large obstacle model for representing collisions with a heavy road vehicle. Not all vehicles in a train have to incorporate energy absorption but passenger train configurations formed entirely of new vehicle designs shall, as a whole, comply with this document. The document also specifies the requirements for demonstrating that the passive safety objectives have been achieved by comparison with existing proven designs, numerical simulation, component or full-scale tests, or a combination of all these methods.