1.1 These test methods cover direct-current procedures for the determination of dc insulation resistance, volume resistance, volume resistivity, surface resistance, and surface resistivity of electrical insulating materials, or the corresponding conductances and conductivities. 1.2 These test methods are not suitable for use in measuring the electrical resistivity/conductivity of moderately conductive materials. Use Test Method D 4496 to evaluate such materials. 1.3 The test methods and procedures appear in the following sections: 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see .