This European Standard specifies the properties of aggregates obtained by processing natural, manufactured or recycled crushed unbound aggregates for use in construction of the upper layer of railway track. For the purposes of this standard, the aggregate is referred to as railway ballast. A list of the source materials that have been considered and are within the scope of this European Standard is given in Annex E (normative). NOTE Reused railway ballast: railway ballast resulting of previously used railway ballast on site and without putting it on the market is not covered by this European Standard. It also specifies that a quality control system is in place for use in factory production control and it provides for the evaluation of conformity of the products to this European Standard. It incorporates a general requirement that railway ballast should not release any dangerous substances in excess of the maximum permitted levels specified in a relevant European Standard for the material or permitted in the national regulations of the member state of destination. Railway ballast used in construction should comply with all the requirements of this European Standard. The standard includes comprehensive and specific requirements for natural aggregates and recycled ballast, dealing with, for example, the stability of certain basalts. For materials from some other secondary sources, however, work is ongoing and the requirements are incomplete. In the meantime such materials, when placed on the market as railway ballast, should conform fully to this standard but may also be required to conform to specific relevant additional requirements at the place of use. Additional characteristics and requirements may be specified on a case by case basis depending upon experience of use of the product, and defined in specific contractual documents. Requirements for the declaration of the potential of railway ballast to release regulated dangerous substances are currently under development. Until such time as these are finalised, attention should be paid to requirements at the place of use.