Rules for this Code Section have been developed considering the needs for applications that include piping typically found in electric power generating stations, in industrial and institutional plants, geothermal heating systems, and central and district heating and cooling systems. This Code prescribes requirements for the design, materials, fabrication, erection, test, inspection, operation, and maintenance of piping systems. Piping as used in this Code includes pipe, flanges, bolting, gaskets, valves, pressure-relieving valves/ devices, fittings, and the pressure containing portions of other piping components. It also includes hangers and supports and other equipment items necessary to prevent overstressing the pressure containing components. Rules governing piping for miscellaneous appurtenances, such as water columns, remote water level indicators, pressure gages, gage glasses, etc., are included within the scope of this Code.